Massive multiple-input multiple-output channel estimation under hardware and channel impairments

Hardware problems are the most detrimental issues to channel estimates in wireless communication systems. Because of enormous number antennas at base station (BS) cellular massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems and because one radio frequency (RF) chain per antenna is required, hardware impairments such will be quite severe. Many research publications have used a quality-cost tradeoff adjust for RF unit issues. In this study, we taken different approach by reducing error floor caused predicted channels. Here two steps remedy problem. phase 1, single active user cell was calculated statistically rather than parametrically. 2, convex optimization regularize estimated 1 reduce provide robust estimate. The results our proposed procedure measured normalized minimum mean squared (NMSE) versus range from effective signal-to-noise ratio, it shows significant reduction (nearly order magnitude) as compared with conventional one, especially high ratio (SNR) (20 dB-30 dB). Simulation were extracted MATLAB R2020a.